To grade or not to grade: balancing formative and summative assessment in post-16 teacher trainee observations

To grade or not to grade.

Formative and Summative Assessment: A cybernetic viewpoint

This paper considers alternative assessment, feedback and cybernetics. For more than 30 years, debates about formative and summative assessment have served as surrogates for discussions about the workings of the mind, the social implications of assessment and, as important, the role of instruction in the advancement of learning. Currently, alternative assessment lives uneasily with its classica...

Summative assessment: the missing link for formative assessment

Assessment for learning is increasingly part of accepted orthodoxy, with massive government funding in England, is central to national assessment in Wales, and an export to the USA. Black et al.’s Assessment for learning: Putting it into practice (2003), the ‘bible’ of assessment for learning, is set reading for trainee teachers across the UK, and this text is increasingly a staple diet for all...

Summative Evaluation and Formative Feedback

In a still relevant AAHE Bulletin article on evaluation and teaching improvement, Weimer (1987) describes summative evaluation of teaching. She writes that summative evaluation is a judgment about teaching that is used to make a decision—a decision about promotion, tenure, or, even, teaching awards. A summative evaluation of teaching attempts to summarize the complex phenomena of teaching. It t...

a comparison of teachers and supervisors, with respect to teacher efficacy and reflection

supervisors play an undeniable role in training teachers, before starting their professional experience by preparing them, at the initial years of their teaching by checking their work within the proper framework, and later on during their teaching by assessing their progress. but surprisingly, exploring their attributes, professional demands, and qualifications has remained a neglected theme i...